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Included in the Small Business and Work Opportunity
Act of 2007 is a
provision that allows a husband and wife who file a
joint return to elect out
of the partnership rules. Thus, a joint venture between
them is not treated
as a partnership for tax purposes. This new rule takes
effect for 2007.
All items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit
are divided between the spouses according to their respective
interests in the venture, and each spouse takes into
account his or her respective share of these items as
if
they were attributable to a trade or business conducted
by the spouse as a sole proprietor. Thus, each electing
spouse will report his or her shares on
the appropriate form, such as Schedule C.
A qualified joint venture means any joint venture involving
the conduct of a trade or business if:
(1) The only members of the joint venture are a husband
and wife,
(2) Both spouses materially participate (1)
in the trade or business, and
(3) Both spouses elect the application of this rule.
(1) Generally to qualify, 500 hours of participation
are required during the year, or if participation is
less than 500 hours, the taxpayers must provide substantially
all of the participation.
Notwithstanding other self-employment rules, each spouse's
share of
income or loss from a qualified joint venture is taken
into account under the above rules in determining the
spouse's net earnings from self-employment. Thus, each
spouse will receive credit for his or her self-employment
tax contributions for purposes of receiving Social Security
benefits. However,
this rule is not intended to prevent allocations or
reallocations, to the extent permitted under pre-2007
Small Business Act law, by courts or by the Social Security
Administration of net earnings from self-employment
for purposes
of determining Social Security benefits of an individual.

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